# sources

title: marketmonetarist.com: The fiscal dominance trap a love story between debt and denial
node_name: R-G Differential
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://marketmonetarist.com/2025/06/13/the-fiscal-dominance-trap-a-love-story-between-debt-and-denial/


title: hlhunt.org: Fiscal dominance and sovereign debt sustainability the new paradigm hl hunt financial
node_name: Fiscal Dominance
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.hlhunt.org/uncategorized/fiscal-dominance-and-sovereign-debt-sustainability-the-new-paradigm-hl-hunt-financial/


title: ecb.europa.eu: Ecb.rb241216~56e9933c88.en
node_name: Sovereign-Bank Doom Loop
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/research-publications/resbull/2024/html/ecb.rb241216~56e9933c88.en.html


node_name: Sovereign-Bank Doom Loop
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.esm.europa.eu/blog/navigating-quantitative-tightening-funding-europes-future-without-rekindling-sovereign-bank-nexus

title:
esm.europa.eu: Navigating quantitative tightening funding europes future without rekindling sovereign bank nexus


title: thefinancialanalyst.net: Navigating the eurozones doom loop stability vs risk in debt crisis
node_name: Sovereign-Bank Doom Loop
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://thefinancialanalyst.net/2024/12/16/navigating-the-eurozones-doom-loop-stability-vs-risk-in-debt-crisis/


title: Bloomberg: The ranks of corporate zombies are growing credit weekly
node_name: Zombie Company Proliferation
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2025-11-01/the-ranks-of-corporate-zombies-are-growing-credit-weekly


title: creditriskmonitor.com: Rising interest rates increasingly threaten zombie companies globally
node_name: Zombie Company Proliferation
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.creditriskmonitor.com/resources/blog-posts/rising-interest-rates-increasingly-threaten-zombie-companies-globally


title: OECD: Sovereign debt markets in emerging market and developing economies 08ce7ef7
node_name: Original Sin - EM Debt Trap
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/2025/03/global-debt-report-2025_bab6b51e/full-report/sovereign-debt-markets-in-emerging-market-and-developing-economies_08ce7ef7.html


node_name: Global Debt Maturity Wall 2025-2027
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.oecd.org/en/about/news/press-releases/2026/03/with-pressures-rising-in-global-debt-markets-maintaining-resilience-will-require-sound-public-finances-strong-institutions-and-policies-that-support-growth-and-innovation.html

title:
OECD: With pressures rising in global debt markets maintaining resilience will require sound public finances strong institutions and policies that support growth and innovation


title: OECD: The investor base for government and corporate bond markets e68b90b3
node_name: Bond Market Investor Base Fragility
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/global-debt-report-2026_e9d80efd-en/full-report/the-investor-base-for-government-and-corporate-bond-markets_e68b90b3.html


title: stlouisfed.org: Declining convenience yield quantitative tightening
node_name: Bond Market Investor Base Fragility
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.stlouisfed.org/on-the-economy/2026/feb/declining-convenience-yield-quantitative-tightening


title: piie.com: Preserving global safe asset status us treasuries and us dollar
node_name: Triffin Dilemma Dollar Trap
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.piie.com/blogs/realtime-economics/2025/preserving-global-safe-asset-status-us-treasuries-and-us-dollar


title: financialresearch.gov: OFRBrief 26 02 measuring counterparty exposures private credit
node_name: Private Credit Double Leverage
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.financialresearch.gov/briefs/files/OFRBrief-26-02-measuring-counterparty-exposures-private-credit.pdf


title: cnbc.com: Private credit defaults loan quality debt risk systemic ai disruption
node_name: Private Credit Double Leverage
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.cnbc.com/2026/03/25/private-credit-defaults-loan-quality-debt-risk-systemic-ai-disruption.html


node_name: Private Credit Double Leverage
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://markets.financialcontent.com/stocks/article/marketminute-2026-4-10-the-shadow-credit-conundrum-why-banks-11-trillion-bet-on-private-lending-faces-a-high-tech-reckoning

title:
markets.financialcontent.com: Marketminute 2026 4 10 the shadow credit conundrum why banks 11 trillion bet on private lending faces a high tech reckoning


title: IMF: The perils of bilateral sovereign debt 571475
node_name: Sovereign Restructuring Architecture Failure
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2025/11/07/the-perils-of-bilateral-sovereign-debt-571475


title: IMF: A stocktaking of the current international architecture for resolving sovereign debt 571003
node_name: Sovereign Restructuring Architecture Failure
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.imf.org/en/publications/policy-papers/issues/2025/10/07/a-stocktaking-of-the-current-international-architecture-for-resolving-sovereign-debt-571003


node_name: Treasury Basis Trade Fragility
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://resonanzcapital.com/insights/basis-trade-2.0-the-re-engineered-cash-versus-futures-arbitrage-reshaping-the-u.s.-treasury-market

title:
resonanzcapital.com: Basis trade 2.0 the re engineered cash versus futures arbitrage reshaping the u.s. treasury market


node_name: Treasury Basis Trade Fragility
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://hedgeco.net/news/04/2026/apollos-torsten-slok-warns-on-treasury-leverage-the-basis-trade-risk-re-emerges-at-a-critical-moment.html

title:
hedgeco.net: Apollos torsten slok warns on treasury leverage the basis trade risk re emerges at a critical moment


node_name: Household Debt Service Ratio Trap
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://markets.financialcontent.com/stocks/article/marketminute-2025-12-30-the-2026-debt-trap-why-surging-mortgage-and-auto-costs-threaten-the-american-consumer

title:
markets.financialcontent.com: Marketminute 2025 12 30 the 2026 debt trap why surging mortgage and auto costs threaten the american consumer


title: Federal Reserve: November 2025 financial stability report borrowing by business and households
node_name: Household Debt Service Ratio Trap
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.federalreserve.gov/publications/november-2025-financial-stability-report-borrowing-by-business-and-households.htm


title: mellon.com: Record breaking ai related debt issuance in 2025
node_name: AI Capex Corporate Debt Wave
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.mellon.com/insights/insights-articles/record-breaking-ai-related-debt-issuance-in-2025.html


title: bbntimes.com: Corporate debt surges as ai infrastructure fuels historic bond issuance
node_name: AI Capex Corporate Debt Wave
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.bbntimes.com/financial/corporate-debt-surges-as-ai-infrastructure-fuels-historic-bond-issuance


title: mufgamericas.com: AI Chart Weekly 12 19 Financing the AI Supercycle
node_name: AI Capex Corporate Debt Wave
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.mufgamericas.com/sites/default/files/document/2025-12/AI_Chart_Weekly_12_19_Financing_the_AI_Supercycle.pdf


title: cepr.org: Downgrading downgraders ratings sovereign debt and financial market volatility
node_name: Credit Rating Agency Procyclicality
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://cepr.org/voxeu/columns/downgrading-downgraders-ratings-sovereign-debt-and-financial-market-volatility


title: ohchr.org: Debt crises un expert faults credit rating agencies urges reform
node_name: Credit Rating Agency Procyclicality
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2021/03/debt-crises-un-expert-faults-credit-rating-agencies-urges-reform


title: cmegroup.com: How Does Debt Move Through the Global Financial System
node_name: Repo Market Collateral Plumbing
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.cmegroup.com/openmarkets/interest-rates/2026/How-Does-Debt-Move-Through-the-Global-Financial-System.html


title: pew.org: An increase in pension obligations adds to states unfunded liabilities
node_name: Unfunded Public Pension Implicit Debt
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.pew.org/en/research-and-analysis/articles/2025/07/30/an-increase-in-pension-obligations-adds-to-states-unfunded-liabilities


title: internationalbanker.com: What would different fed scenarios mean for emerging markets
node_name: Dollar Milkshake EM Amplification Loop
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://internationalbanker.com/banking/what-would-different-fed-scenarios-mean-for-emerging-markets/


node_name: Dollar Milkshake EM Amplification Loop
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://markets.financialcontent.com/stocks/article/marketminute-2026-3-26-the-great-hawkish-pivot-10-year-yield-hits-435-as-fed-cut-hopes-evaporate

title:
markets.financialcontent.com: Marketminute 2026 3 26 the great hawkish pivot 10 year yield hits 435 as fed cut hopes evaporate


title: thepensionsregulator.gov.uk: Market oversight how well pension schemes are prepared for ldi risk
node_name: LDI Pension Fund Doom Loop
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.thepensionsregulator.gov.uk/en/document-library/research-and-analysis/market-oversight-how-well-pension-schemes-are-prepared-for-ldi-risk


node_name: Yen Carry Trade Global Contagion Loop
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.cedarkeybeacon.com/markets/5424/the-carry-trade-that-crashed-markets-in-august-2024-is-being-rebuilt-quietly-and-at-scale/

title:
cedarkeybeacon.com: The carry trade that crashed markets in august 2024 is being rebuilt quietly and at scale


node_name: JGB Fiscal Death Trap
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://wolfstreet.com/2026/01/20/japan-government-30-year-yield-explodes-after-threats-of-increased-spending-tax-cuts-bond-vigilantes-rising-from-their-graves/

title:
wolfstreet.com: Japan government 30 year yield explodes after threats of increased spending tax cuts bond vigilantes rising from their graves


title: oanda.com: Record spike japan jgb yield causes market impact
node_name: JGB Fiscal Death Trap
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.oanda.com/us-en/trade-tap-blog/analysis/fundamental/record-spike-japan-jgb-yield-causes-market-impact/


title: capitaleconomics.com: 10 year jgb yield set reach 30 year high
node_name: JGB Fiscal Death Trap
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.capitaleconomics.com/publications/japan-economics-weekly/10-year-jgb-yield-set-reach-30-year-high


title: cnbc.com: Evergrandes rise and fall leaves scars on chinas property sector
node_name: China Property Balance Sheet Recession
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.cnbc.com/2025/08/25/evergrandes-rise-and-fall-leaves-scars-on-chinas-property-sector.html


node_name: China Property Balance Sheet Recession
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://medium.com/@Andy2027/chinas-real-estate-collapse-how-the-fall-of-property-giants-is-crippling-the-world-s-010ba8d3f2fa

title:
medium.com: Chinas real estate collapse how the fall of property giants is crippling the world s 010ba8d3f2fa


title: ainvest.com: Rising risk fallen angels credit deterioration investment grade bond market 2601
node_name: BBB Fallen Angel Cascade
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.ainvest.com/news/rising-risk-fallen-angels-credit-deterioration-investment-grade-bond-market-2601/


title: am.lombardodier.com: Understanding fallen angel bonds a persistent opportunity in high yield
node_name: BBB Fallen Angel Cascade
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://am.lombardodier.com/insights/2026/march/understanding-fallen-angel-bonds-a-persistent-opportunity-in-high-yield.html


title: insightinvestment.com: A year of fallen angels watch for downgrades in 2025
node_name: BBB Fallen Angel Cascade
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.insightinvestment.com/united-states/perspectives/a-year-of-fallen-angels-watch-for-downgrades-in-2025/


title: vaneck.com: Fallen angels deliver again with an eye towards 2026
node_name: BBB Fallen Angel Cascade
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.vaneck.com/us/en/blogs/income-investing/fallen-angels-deliver-again-with-an-eye-towards-2026/


title: ecb.europa.eu: KHETAN%20Umang%20 %20Synthetic%20Dollar%20Funding
node_name: Cross-Currency Basis Swap Dollar Stress
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/conferences/shared/pdf/KHETAN%20Umang%20-%20Synthetic%20Dollar%20Funding.pdf


title: bostonfed.org: Kloks SwapLines
node_name: Cross-Currency Basis Swap Dollar Stress
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.bostonfed.org/-/media/Documents/events/2025/stress-testing-research-conference/Kloks_SwapLines.pdf


node_name: China LGFV Hidden Debt Crisis
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://observatorioglobal.udlap.mx/the-crisis-of-local-government-financing-vehicles-addressing-peoples-republic-of-chinas-hidden-debt/

title:
observatorioglobal.udlap.mx: The crisis of local government financing vehicles addressing peoples republic of chinas hidden debt


title: rba.gov.au: The abcs of lgfvs chinas local government financing vehicles
node_name: China LGFV Hidden Debt Crisis
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.rba.gov.au/publications/bulletin/2024/oct/the-abcs-of-lgfvs-chinas-local-government-financing-vehicles.html


title: Federal Reserve: Detecting tariff effects on consumer prices in real time part II 20260408
node_name: Tariff-Stagflation Fed Trap 2025
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/detecting-tariff-effects-on-consumer-prices-in-real-time-part-II-20260408.html


title: frbsf.org: Effects of tariffs on components of inflation
node_name: Tariff-Stagflation Fed Trap 2025
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.frbsf.org/research-and-insights/publications/economic-letter/2026/03/effects-of-tariffs-on-components-of-inflation/


node_name: Tariff-Stagflation Fed Trap 2025
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://markets.financialcontent.com/stocks/article/marketminute-2026-2-20-the-stagflation-trap-sticky-inflation-and-cooling-growth-ignite-market-anxiety

title:
markets.financialcontent.com: Marketminute 2026 2 20 the stagflation trap sticky inflation and cooling growth ignite market anxiety


title: fortune.com: When will economy have recession stagflation trump immigration inflation
node_name: Tariff-Stagflation Fed Trap 2025
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://fortune.com/2025/08/08/when-will-economy-have-recession-stagflation-trump-immigration-inflation/


node_name: Cross-Currency Basis Dollar Funding Shortage
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.hlhunt.org/uncategorized/dollar-shortage-dynamics-global-funding-markets-and-investment-implications-hl-hunt-financial/

title:
hlhunt.org: Dollar shortage dynamics global funding markets and investment implications hl hunt financial


title: cepr.org: Basel endgame bank capital requirements and future international standard setting
node_name: Basel III Endgame Regulatory Arbitrage
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://cepr.org/voxeu/columns/basel-endgame-bank-capital-requirements-and-future-international-standard-setting


node_name: Basel III Endgame Regulatory Arbitrage
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://wifpr.wharton.upenn.edu/blog/basel-iii-endgame-was-inevitable-for-large-banks-but-what-about-non-banks-and-smaller-banks/

title:
wifpr.wharton.upenn.edu: Basel iii endgame was inevitable for large banks but what about non banks and smaller banks


title: focus-economics.com: Will italy be the first target of the ecbs new anti fragmentation tool the tpi
node_name: Eurozone Sovereign Fragmentation Architecture
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.focus-economics.com/blog/will-italy-be-the-first-target-of-the-ecbs-new-anti-fragmentation-tool-the-tpi/


node_name: Eurozone Sovereign Fragmentation Architecture
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.intereconomics.eu/contents/year/2023/number/5/article/the-activation-conditions-of-the-transmission-protection-instrument-flawed-by-design.html

title:
intereconomics.eu: The activation conditions of the transmission protection instrument flawed by design


title: economy-finance.ec.europa.eu: 39b3b61d 42c1 46d7 8088 0aad82e8731e en
node_name: Eurozone Sovereign Fragmentation Architecture
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://economy-finance.ec.europa.eu/document/download/39b3b61d-42c1-46d7-8088-0aad82e8731e_en?filename=ip332_en.pdf


title: moderndiplomacy.eu: Weaponization of dollar the growing trend towards de dollarization
node_name: Dollar Weaponization De-dollarization Feedback
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://moderndiplomacy.eu/2025/02/19/weaponization-of-dollar-the-growing-trend-towards-de-dollarization/


node_name: Dollar Weaponization De-dollarization Feedback
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://markets.financialcontent.com/stocks/article/marketminute-2025-9-10-the-dollar-as-a-weapon-sanctions-catalyze-global-dedollarization-push

title:
markets.financialcontent.com: Marketminute 2025 9 10 the dollar as a weapon sanctions catalyze global dedollarization push


title: oanda.com: Sanctions paradox financial fragmentation dollar dominance
node_name: Dollar Weaponization De-dollarization Feedback
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.oanda.com/us-en/trade-tap-blog/analysis/fundamental/sanctions-paradox-financial-fragmentation-dollar-dominance/


title: indexes.morningstar.com: Stock buybacks are booming in 2025 thats bad news for dividend investors
node_name: Debt-Financed Buyback Financialization Loop
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://indexes.morningstar.com/insights/perspective/bltb5182b9245a7714d/stock-buybacks-are-booming-in-2025-thats-bad-news-for-dividend-investors


node_name: Public Pension Shadow Sovereign Debt
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.truthinaccounting.org/news/detail/the-burden-of-unfunded-pension-liabilities-a-national-crisis-in-state-finances

title:
truthinaccounting.org: The burden of unfunded pension liabilities a national crisis in state finances


title: siepr.stanford.edu: Public pensions are mixing risky investments unrealistic predictions
node_name: Public Pension Shadow Sovereign Debt
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://siepr.stanford.edu/news/public-pensions-are-mixing-risky-investments-unrealistic-predictions


node_name: Sovereign Restructuring Paralysis
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://addisstandard.com/five-years-in-limbo-ethiopias-debt-restructuring-stalemate-imf-backed-g20-common-framework-failure/

title:
addisstandard.com: Five years in limbo ethiopias debt restructuring stalemate imf backed g20 common framework failure


node_name: Sovereign Restructuring Paralysis
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://odi.org/en/insights/common-framework-uncommon-challenges-lessons-from-the-post-covid-debt-restructuring-architecture/

title:
odi.org: Common framework uncommon challenges lessons from the post covid debt restructuring architecture


title: realestatenews.com: If not low mortgage rates what will unlock the housing market
node_name: Mortgage Rate Lock-In Housing Freeze
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.realestatenews.com/2026/02/24/if-not-low-mortgage-rates-what-will-unlock-the-housing-market


title: 247wallst.com: Social security trust fund to run dry in 2032 just 6 years from now
node_name: Social Security Solvency Cliff 2032
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://247wallst.com/personal-finance/2026/04/13/social-security-trust-fund-to-run-dry-in-2032-just-6-years-from-now/


node_name: Social Security Solvency Cliff 2032
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.savingadvice.com/articles/2026/03/20/10726605_the-social-security-cliff-how-recent-policy-shifts-could-drain-the-trust-fund-by-2032.html

title:
savingadvice.com: 10726605 the social security cliff how recent policy shifts could drain the trust fund by 2032


node_name: Cov-Lite Credit Culture Default Delay
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://news.law.fordham.edu/jcfl/2020/05/04/will-the-leveraged-loan-market-trigger-a-financial-pandemic-understanding-cov-lite-loans-clos-and-ebitda-add-backs/

title:
news.law.fordham.edu: Will the leveraged loan market trigger a financial pandemic understanding cov lite loans clos and ebitda add backs


title: kaplancollectionagency.com: How student debt is locking millennials and gen z out of homeownership
node_name: Student Loan Household Formation Trap
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.kaplancollectionagency.com/news/how-student-debt-is-locking-millennials-and-gen-z-out-of-homeownership/


title: newamerica.org: Millennials and student loans rising debts and disparities
node_name: Student Loan Household Formation Trap
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.newamerica.org/insights/emerging-millennial-wealth-gap/millennials-and-student-loans-rising-debts-and-disparities/


title: pennmutualam.com: 2025 05 15 credit downgrades are poised to reshape the bond market
node_name: BBB Cliff Fallen Angel Cascade
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.pennmutualam.com/market-insights-news/blogs/chart-of-the-week/2025-05-15-credit-downgrades-are-poised-to-reshape-the-bond-market


title: OECD: Sovereign debt markets in emerging market and developing economies 08ce7ef7
node_name: Original Sin EM Currency Mismatch
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/global-debt-report-2025_8ee42b13-en/full-report/sovereign-debt-markets-in-emerging-market-and-developing-economies_08ce7ef7.html


title: guggenheiminvestments.com: Understanding Collateralized Loan Obligations 2025
node_name: CLO Amplification Architecture
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.guggenheiminvestments.com/GuggenheimInvestments/media/PDF/Understanding-Collateralized-Loan-Obligations-2025.pdf


title: anderson-review.ucla.edu: Looming risk to financial system 1 trillion in commercial loan pools
node_name: CLO Amplification Architecture
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://anderson-review.ucla.edu/looming-risk-to-financial-system-1-trillion-in-commercial-loan-pools/


title: ainvest.com: Bond vigilantes fiscal irresponsibility trump tax cuts trigger debt crisis 2505
node_name: Bond Vigilante Fiscal Discipline Mechanism
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.ainvest.com/news/bond-vigilantes-fiscal-irresponsibility-trump-tax-cuts-trigger-debt-crisis-2505/


node_name: Bond Vigilante Fiscal Discipline Mechanism
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.project-syndicate.org/magazine/bond-vigilantes-will-they-come-for-us-other-major-economies-by-j-bradford-delong-et-al-2025-03

title:
project-syndicate.org: Bond vigilantes will they come for us other major economies by j bradford delong et al 2025 03


title: capitaleconomics.com: Governments must fly flag fiscal rectitude bond vigilantes circle
node_name: Bond Vigilante Fiscal Discipline Mechanism
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.capitaleconomics.com/blog/governments-must-fly-flag-fiscal-rectitude-bond-vigilantes-circle


node_name: Student Debt Household Balance Sheet Suppression
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.abcmoney.co.uk/2026/04/the-student-loan-albatross-how-1-7-trillion-in-debt-is-stalling-the-u-s-consumer-economy

title:
abcmoney.co.uk: The student loan albatross how 1 7 trillion in debt is stalling the u s consumer economy


title: Federal Reserve: Debt payments and spending evidence from the 2023 student loan payment 20250905
node_name: Student Debt Household Balance Sheet Suppression
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/debt-payments-and-spending-evidence-from-the-2023-student-loan-payment-20250905.html


title: bundesbank.de: 2024 70 financial repression 765512
node_name: Financial Repression Mechanism
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.bundesbank.de/en/publications/research/research-brief/2024-70-financial-repression-765512


title: seekingalpha.com: 4554954 clo equity funds reel as default rates rise leverage magnifies risk
node_name: CLO Structured Credit Contagion Chain
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://seekingalpha.com/news/4554954-clo-equity-funds-reel-as-default-rates-rise-leverage-magnifies-risk


title: suerf.org: Unveiling the zombie lending channel of monetary policy
node_name: Zombie Firm Capital Misallocation
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.suerf.org/publications/suerf-policy-notes-and-briefs/unveiling-the-zombie-lending-channel-of-monetary-policy/


title: rpc.cfainstitute.org: Dollars exorbitant privilege survey report
node_name: Exorbitant Privilege Dollar Subsidy
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://rpc.cfainstitute.org/sites/default/files/-/media/documents/survey/dollars-exorbitant-privilege-survey-report.pdf


node_name: Exorbitant Privilege Dollar Subsidy
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.ambassadorllp.com/ap-insights/the-exorbitant-privilege-under-threat-will-the-us-dollar-remain-the-worlds-main-reserve-currency/

title:
ambassadorllp.com: The exorbitant privilege under threat will the us dollar remain the worlds main reserve currency


title: brettonwoodsproject.org: The imfs 2025 conditionality review a test of reform or repeat
node_name: IMF Austerity Fiscal Multiplier Trap
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.brettonwoodsproject.org/2025/04/the-imfs-2025-conditionality-review-a-test-of-reform-or-repeat/


title: roape.net: Debt and austerity the imfs legacy of structural violence in the global south
node_name: IMF Austerity Fiscal Multiplier Trap
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://roape.net/2025/01/08/debt-and-austerity-the-imfs-legacy-of-structural-violence-in-the-global-south/


title: allianz.com: 251021 insolvency outlook
node_name: Zombie Company Rate Normalization Shock
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.allianz.com/en/economic_research/insights/publications/specials_fmo/251021-insolvency-outlook.html


node_name: Zombie Company Rate Normalization Shock
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.vciinstitute.com/blog/private-equity-s-zombie-challenge-breaking-the-exit-freeze-before-it-breaks-the-model

title:
vciinstitute.com: Private equity s zombie challenge breaking the exit freeze before it breaks the model


title: allianz-trade.com: Global insolvency outlook 2025 27
node_name: Zombie Company Rate Normalization Shock
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.allianz-trade.com/en_global/news-insights/economic-insights/global-insolvency-outlook-2025-27.html


node_name: Student Loan Household Debt Trap
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://bipartisanpolicy.org/article/how-rising-deficits-impact-americans-higher-education-costs-and-wealth-building/

title:
bipartisanpolicy.org: How rising deficits impact americans higher education costs and wealth building


title: ithron.co: Zombie companies and the cost of free capital what schumpeter would have said
node_name: Zombie Company Productivity Trap
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.ithron.co/post/zombie-companies-and-the-cost-of-free-capital-what-schumpeter-would-have-said


title: cepr.org: Resolving non performing loans and zombie firms path sustainable growth greece
node_name: Zombie Company Productivity Trap
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://cepr.org/voxeu/columns/resolving-non-performing-loans-and-zombie-firms-path-sustainable-growth-greece


title: westernasset.com: Fiscal dominance in the us will politics trump policy 2025 08 25
node_name: Fiscal Dominance Trap
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.westernasset.com/us/en/research/blog/fiscal-dominance-in-the-us-will-politics-trump-policy-2025-08-25.cfm


title: bostonfed.org: Household beliefs about fiscal dominance
node_name: Fiscal Dominance Trap
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.bostonfed.org/publications/research-department-working-paper/2025/household-beliefs-about-fiscal-dominance.aspx


title: philadelphiafed.org: The impact of student loan debt on small business formation
node_name: Student Debt Growth Suppression Channel
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.philadelphiafed.org/the-economy/the-impact-of-student-loan-debt-on-small-business-formation


title: aljazeera.com: Exorbitant privilege can the us dollar maintain its global dominance
node_name: Exorbitant Privilege-Debt Sustainability Paradox
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.aljazeera.com/economy/2025/7/30/exorbitant-privilege-can-the-us-dollar-maintain-its-global-dominance


title: stlouisfed.org: Dual mandate balancing current tensions inflation employment
node_name: Tariff-Stagflation Federal Reserve Trap
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.stlouisfed.org/on-the-economy/2026/mar/dual-mandate-balancing-current-tensions-inflation-employment


node_name: Fiscal Dominance Transition Mechanism
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.brookings.edu/articles/remarks-by-janet-l-yellen-on-the-future-of-the-fed-central-bank-independence-and-fiscal-dominance/

title:
Brookings: Remarks by janet l yellen on the future of the fed central bank independence and fiscal dominance


title: undp.org: Undp working paper series navigating the debt crisis 7 aug 2025
node_name: G20 Common Framework Debt Restructuring Paralysis
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.undp.org/sites/g/files/zskgke326/files/2025-08/undp-working_paper_series-navigating_the_debt_crisis_7_aug_2025.pdf


title: thebftonline.com: Strains in debt workouts drive africas push to fix common framework
node_name: G20 Common Framework Debt Restructuring Paralysis
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://thebftonline.com/2026/04/20/strains-in-debt-workouts-drive-africas-push-to-fix-common-framework/


node_name: G20 Common Framework Debt Restructuring Paralysis
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://internationalbanker.com/finance/undue-high-expectations-of-the-g20-common-framework-urgent-need-to-reform-the-international-debt-architecture/

title:
internationalbanker.com: Undue high expectations of the g20 common framework urgent need to reform the international debt architecture


title: proskauer.com: Proskauers private credit default index reveals rate of 246 for q4 2025
node_name: Private Credit-Pension Fund Contagion Loop
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.proskauer.com/report/proskauers-private-credit-default-index-reveals-rate-of-246-for-q4-2025


title: spglobal.com: MI 0725 private credit the rising defaults
node_name: Private Credit-Pension Fund Contagion Loop
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.spglobal.com/content/dam/spglobal/mi/en/documents/news-insights/research/MI_0725_private-credit-the-rising-defaults.pdf


title: OECD: Corporate debt market outlook in a transforming world cf86a220
node_name: Corporate Zombie Debt Economy
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/global-debt-report-2026_e9d80efd-en/full-report/corporate-debt-market-outlook-in-a-transforming-world_cf86a220.html


node_name: Corporate Zombie Debt Economy
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.financialcontent.com/article/marketminute-2026-3-18-the-2026-credit-crunch-geopolitical-shocks-and-the-maturity-wall-collide

title:
financialcontent.com: Marketminute 2026 3 18 the 2026 credit crunch geopolitical shocks and the maturity wall collide


node_name: Corporate Zombie Debt Economy
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.cliffedekkerhofmeyr.com/en/news/publications/2025/Sectors/Corporate-Debt/combined-corporate-commercial-and-CDTR-alert-31-october-Why-private-equitys-zombie-companies-persist-and-how-to-revive-them

title:
cliffedekkerhofmeyr.com: Combined corporate commercial and CDTR alert 31 october Why private equitys zombie companies persist and how to revive them


node_name: Petrodollar Recycling Breakdown
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.edwardconard.com/macro-roundup/etraalex-documents-the-shift-in-petrodollar-recycling-from-fx-reserves-at-central-banks-to-sovereign-wealth-funds-most-notably-saudi-arabias-public-investment-fund-pif/

title:
edwardconard.com: Etraalex documents the shift in petrodollar recycling from fx reserves at central banks to sovereign wealth funds most notably saudi arabias public investment fund pif


title: invasset.com: The hidden engine of the global financial system petrodollar recycling
node_name: Petrodollar Recycling Breakdown
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://invasset.com/research/blog/the-hidden-engine-of-the-global-financial-system-petrodollar-recycling


title: OECD: Sovereign borrowing outlook 4470147b
node_name: Global Synchronized Debt Maturity Wall 2026-2028
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/global-debt-report-2026_e9d80efd-en/full-report/sovereign-borrowing-outlook_4470147b.html


title: spglobal.com: Global refinancing pressures linger for the lowest rated credit s101653465
node_name: Global Synchronized Debt Maturity Wall 2026-2028
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.spglobal.com/ratings/en/regulatory/article/global-refinancing-pressures-linger-for-the-lowest-rated-credit-s101653465


title: bny.com: The great wall of maturing credit
node_name: Global Synchronized Debt Maturity Wall 2026-2028
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.bny.com/assets/investments/im/documents/manual/perspectives/The-great-wall-of-maturing-credit.pdf


title: jec.senate.gov: Examining the relationship between higher education and family formation
node_name: Household Debt-Fertility Suppression Loop
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.jec.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/republicans/2021/11/examining-the-relationship-between-higher-education-and-family-formation


title: budgetmodel.wharton.upenn.edu: Decline in fertility the role of marriage and education
node_name: Household Debt-Fertility Suppression Loop
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://budgetmodel.wharton.upenn.edu/issues/2022/7/8/decline-in-fertility-the-role-of-marriage-and-education


title: Federal Reserve: The international role of the u s dollar 2025 edition 20250718
node_name: Dollar Weaponization-Debt Market Fragmentation
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/the-international-role-of-the-u-s-dollar-2025-edition-20250718.html


title: agbi.com: Nasser saidi the dollars weaponisation marks the end of an era
node_name: Dollar Weaponization-Debt Market Fragmentation
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.agbi.com/opinion/finance/2026/02/nasser-saidi-the-dollars-weaponisation-marks-the-end-of-an-era/


title: goldmansachs.com: Why ai companies may invest more than 500 billion in 2026
node_name: AI Investment-Corporate Debt Bifurcation
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/articles/why-ai-companies-may-invest-more-than-500-billion-in-2026


node_name: AI Investment-Corporate Debt Bifurcation
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://markets.financialcontent.com/wral/article/marketminute-2025-12-19-the-2026-fiscal-cliff-why-a-convergence-of-debt-ai-fatigue-and-geopolitics-threatens-a-market-reset

title:
markets.financialcontent.com: Marketminute 2025 12 19 the 2026 fiscal cliff why a convergence of debt ai fatigue and geopolitics threatens a market reset


node_name: Japan BoJ YCC Unwind Global Contagion
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://wolfstreet.com/2025/12/22/yen-carry-trade-at-risk-japans-10-year-jgb-yield-hits-25-year-high-yield-curve-steepens-finance-ministry-verbally-props-up-yen/

title:
wolfstreet.com: Yen carry trade at risk japans 10 year jgb yield hits 25 year high yield curve steepens finance ministry verbally props up yen


title: euronews.com: Bank of japan hikes interest rates is a global bond crisis looming
node_name: Japan BoJ YCC Unwind Global Contagion
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.euronews.com/business/2025/12/19/bank-of-japan-hikes-interest-rates-is-a-global-bond-crisis-looming


node_name: Japan BoJ YCC Unwind Global Contagion
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://markets.chroniclejournal.com/chroniclejournal/article/marketminute-2025-12-19-the-great-unwind-bank-of-japans-historic-rate-hike-signals-a-new-era-for-global-capital

title:
markets.chroniclejournal.com: Marketminute 2025 12 19 the great unwind bank of japans historic rate hike signals a new era for global capital


title: nbcconnecticut.com: Thousands of so called zombie companies barely surviving due to debt
node_name: Corporate Zombie Debt Congestion Effect
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.nbcconnecticut.com/news/national-international/thousands-of-so-called-zombie-companies-barely-surviving-due-to-debt


title: cnbc.com: Moodys downgrades united states credit rating on increase in government debt
node_name: US AAA Loss + Debt Ceiling Dysfunction
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.cnbc.com/2025/05/16/moodys-downgrades-united-states-credit-rating-on-increase-in-government-debt.html


title: westernasset.com: End of an era moodys downgrades us to aa1 2025 05 19
node_name: US AAA Loss + Debt Ceiling Dysfunction
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.westernasset.com/us/en/research/blog/end-of-an-era-moodys-downgrades-us-to-aa1-2025-05-19.cfm


title: ecb.europa.eu: Ecb.ebbox201902 06~0c96ee6f7c.en
node_name: r>g Debt Sustainability Reversal
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/economic-bulletin/focus/2019/html/ecb.ebbox201902_06~0c96ee6f7c.en.html


node_name: Japan JGB YCC Exit Contagion
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://markets.financialcontent.com/wral/article/marketminute-2025-12-19-the-tokyo-tectonic-shift-how-japans-rate-hikes-are-redrawing-the-us-yield-curve

title:
markets.financialcontent.com: Marketminute 2025 12 19 the tokyo tectonic shift how japans rate hikes are redrawing the us yield curve


title: steptoe.com: The yen as a global risk switch japans normalization and geopolitical spillovers
node_name: Japan JGB YCC Exit Contagion
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.steptoe.com/en/news-publications/stepwise-risk-outlook/the-yen-as-a-global-risk-switch-japans-normalization-and-geopolitical-spillovers.html


title: Bloomberg: Us consumer delinquencies jump to highest in almost a decade
node_name: US Household Debt Affordability Crisis
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2026-02-10/us-consumer-delinquencies-jump-to-highest-in-almost-a-decade


title: eyeonhousing.org: Delinquency rates normalize while credit card and student loan stress worsens
node_name: US Household Debt Affordability Crisis
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://eyeonhousing.org/2026/02/delinquency-rates-normalize-while-credit-card-and-student-loan-stress-worsens/


node_name: US Household Debt Affordability Crisis
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://vantagescore.com/resources/knowledge-center/press_releases/vantagescore-creditgauge-january-2026-mortgage-delinquencies-rise-as-early-stage-credit-stress-broadens-across-borrowers

title:
vantagescore.com: Vantagescore creditgauge january 2026 mortgage delinquencies rise as early stage credit stress broadens across borrowers


title: Federal Reserve: A note on recent dynamics of consumer delinquency rates 20251124
node_name: Consumer Debt K-Shape Fragmentation
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/a-note-on-recent-dynamics-of-consumer-delinquency-rates-20251124.html


title: Federal Reserve: The economics of sovereign debt bailouts and the eurozone crisis
node_name: Cross-Sector Debt Contagion Architecture
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/ifdp/the-economics-of-sovereign-debt-bailouts-and-the-eurozone-crisis.htm


title: McKinsey: MGI Debt and deleveraging full report
node_name: Sectoral Balances Debt Transfer Identity
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/McKinsey/Featured%20Insights/Employment%20and%20Growth/Debt%20and%20deleveraging/MGI_Debt_and_deleveraging_full_report.pdf


title: IMF: World Economic Outlook October 2012 Coping with High Debt and Sluggish Growth 25845
node_name: Sectoral Balances Debt Transfer Identity
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/Issues/2016/12/31/World-Economic-Outlook-October-2012-Coping-with-High-Debt-and-Sluggish-Growth-25845


title: Federal Reserve: Unpleasant monetarist arithmetic revisited 20221110
node_name: Debt Monetization Inflation Spiral Risk
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/unpleasant-monetarist-arithmetic-revisited-20221110.html


title: elischolar.library.yale.edu: Viewcontent
node_name: Debt Monetization Inflation Spiral Risk
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://elischolar.library.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1124&context=journal-of-financial-crises


title: atlanticcouncil.org: As markets turn volatile leverage is back in the spotlight
node_name: Debt Monetization Inflation Spiral Risk
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/econographics/as-markets-turn-volatile-leverage-is-back-in-the-spotlight/


title: abfjournal.com: Private credits next chapter market forces clo growth what to expect in 2026
node_name: PIK-NAV Private Credit Hidden Leverage
created_at: 2026-04-28 20:27:01
url:
https://www.abfjournal.com/private-credits-next-chapter-market-forces-clo-growth-what-to-expect-in-2026/


